In total, 24 mucosal areas were examined.
Results. The FCM was able to distinctly define epithelial cells, bacterial plaque, and
inflammatory cells Selleckchem Copanlisib and to image submucosal structures by detecting their intrinsic fluorescence.
Conclusions. When compared with other devices, this FCM allowed the user to image each oral site at higher magnification, thus resulting in a clearer view.”
“Calcinosis cutis is a common clinical feature of dermatomyositis and scleroderma but rarely reported in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Calcinosis cutis in SLE occurs without calcium and phosphorus metabolic abnormalities and may be localized or generalized. The pathophysiology remains unclear and no effective therapy is currently available. We report a 30-year-old woman with a 13-year history of SLE who developed multiple calcinosis cutis around both knees and we review the relevant published work.”
“Introduction: Acanthophis genus (i.e. death adders) and the Naja genus (i.e. cobras) belong to the family elapidae. The current study compared the in vitro cytotoxicity of venoms from four Acanthophis spp. and three Naja spp. on rat aortic smooth muscle cells, A7r5, and rat skeletal muscle cells, 16. The ability of CSL death adder antivenom and SAIMR antivenom, for Acanthophis spp. and Naja spp. venom respectively, to negate the cytotoxicity was also examined. Methods: A cell proliferation assay was used to determine cell
viability following treatment with venom in the presence or absence of antivenom. Sigmoidal growth curves were obtained, and IC(50) values were determined. Results: Acanthophis PARP inhibitor spp. and Naja spp. venoms produced concentration-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation in both cell lines. Naja spp. venoms were significantly more cytotoxic than the most potent
Acanthophis venom (i.e. A. antarcticus) in both cell lines. Naja spp. venoms also displayed Selleck MK-1775 higher sensitivity in L6 cells. SAIMR antivenom significantly inhibited the cytotoxic actions of all Naja spp. venoms in both A7r5 and 16 cells. However, death adder antivenom (CSL Ltd) was unable to negate the cytotoxic effects of Acanthophis spp. venoms. Discussion: Concentrations of the predominantly cytotoxic Naja spp. venoms used were approximately three times less than the predominantly neurotoxic Acanthophis spp. venoms. SAIMR antivenom was partially effective in neutralising the effects of Naja spp. venoms. Death adder antivenom (CSL Ltd) was not effective in negating the cytotoxic effects of venom from Acanthophis spp. These results indicate that the cell-based assay is suited to the examination of cytotoxic snake venoms and may be used in conjunction with organ bath experiments to pharmacologically characterise snake venoms. Furthermore, the results suggest that the use of a skeletal muscle cell line is likely to be more clinically relevant for the examination of cytotoxic snake venoms. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc.