We used electron microscopy to solve the three-dimensional structure of the AE1 membrane domain,

fixed in an outward-open conformation by cross-linking, at 7.5-angstrom resolution. A dimer of AE1 membrane domains packed in two-dimensional array showed a projection map similar to that of the prokaryotic homolog of the ClC chloride channel, a Cl(-)/H(+) antiporter. In a three-dimensional map, there are V-shaped densities near the center of the dimer and slightly narrower V-shaped clusters at a greater distance CP-456773 in vitro from the center of the dimer. These appear to be inserted into the membrane from opposite sides. The structural motifs, two homologous pairs of helices in internal repeats of the ClC transporter (helices B+C and J+K), are well fitted to those AE1 densities after simple domain movement. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.”
“Rare

earth doped bismuth borate glasses were prepared by conventional melt annealing method. The density, molar volume, ultraviolet, visible, and infrared spectroscopic and optical energy band gap of these glasses have been measured or calculated and employed to investigate the prepared glassy samples. The refractive index and molar refraction have been calculated using the theory of reflectively of light. The luminescence properties EPZ5676 of the glasses were analyzed. The undoped glass shows strong extended UV-near visible absorption bands which are attributed to the collective presence of both trace iron impurities from raw materials and also the sharing of bismuth Bi+3

ions. The rare earth doped samples show the same strong UV-near visible bands as the undoped sample beside extra characteristic bands due to the respective rare earth ions. Results showed that the Stem Cells & Wnt inhibitor luminescence intensity changed with different rare earth oxides. The decreasing values of optical band gap and band tail can be understood and related in terms of the structural changes that are taking place in the glass samples. The infrared absorption spectra of the prepared glasses show characteristic absorption bands related to the borate network (BO3, BO4 groups) together with vibrational modes due to Bi-O groups. The IR spectra are slightly affected by gamma irradiation indicating the stability of the structural glassy forming units. The prepared samples reveal varying responses towards the effect of gamma irradiation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“The crystal structure of the Ca2+-loaded coelenterazine binding protein from Renilla muelleri in its apo-state has been determined at resolution 1.8 angstrom. Although calcium binding hardly affects the compact scaffold and overall fold of the structure before calcium addition, there are easily discerned shifts in the residues that were interacting with the coelenterazine and a repositioning of helices, to expose a cavity to the external solvent.