From the global decays of the Nd3+ F-4(3/2) level in single and codoped samples, the transfer efficiencies were estimated; they increase with Yb3+ content reaching similar to 93% for 1 at. % Nd, 5 at. % Yb: YAG sample. The mechanisms and parameters of the Nd. Yb energy transfer were inferred from the Nd3+ decays in the codoped samples, after the separation of the self-quenching inside the donors

(Nd3+) from the transfer to acceptors (Yb3+). It was proved that the Nd. Yb energy is resonant and dominated by dipole-dipole interactions. Due to the large transfer efficiencies, (Nd,Yb):YAG ceramic could be a promising material for Yb3+ emission under pumping in strong Nd3+ https://www.selleckchem.com/products/iwr-1-endo.html absorption lines. (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3525269]“
“In the oral cavity, chronic inflammation has been observed at various stages of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). Such inflammation could result from persistent mucosal or epithelial cell colonization by microorganisms. There is increasing evidence of the involvement of oral bacteria in inflammation, warranting further studies on the association of bacteria with the progression of OSCC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity and relative abundance Cl-amidine of bacteria in the saliva of subjects with OSCC. Using 454 parallel DNA sequencing, similar to 58 000 PCR

amplicons that span the V4-V5 hypervariable region of rRNAs from five subjects were sequenced. Members of eight phyla (divisions) of bacteria were detected. The majority of classified sequences belonged to the phyla Firmicutes (45%) and Bacteroidetes (25%). Further, 52 different genera containing approximately 860 (16.51%) known species were identified and 1077 (67%) sequences belonging to various uncultured bacteria or unclassified groups. The species diversity estimates obtained with abundance-based coverage estimators and Chao1 were greater than published analyses of other

microbial profiles from the oral cavity. Fifteen unique phylotypes were present in all three OSCC subjects.”
“We employ electroless etching to disperse silicon on insulator (SOI) wafers in ionic silver HF into wirelike silicon nanostructures. check details The procedure allows detachment of the nanowires at the oxide interface and enables easy recovery of dispersions for subsequent controlled delivery. Nanowires 10 mu m long and 50-100 nm thick are demonstrated using an SOI substrate of 10 mu m device thickness. Direct material analysis shows no silver contamination after a wet-etch silver clean. Anodization treatment of the wires was conducted. Our measurements and analysis show that the wires are not amenable to anodization resulting from the fact that the nanowire radius is less than the thickness of depletion layer.