The dietary bioactive phytochemicals, namely curcumin, resveratrol, emodin, retinoic acid, lycopene, EGCG, and indole 3 carbinol, are not only anti cancerous, antiproliferetive and apoptotic but also have antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti mutagenic and various other physiological benefits and so represent a potential alternative to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cervical Barasertib cancer. The screening of medicinal plants for potential anti cancer properties has increased greatly over the years. Syzygium cumini of the Myrtaceae family contains bergenin, myricetin and several polyphenols, tannins, alkaloids, triterpenoids and volatile oils. Various parts of the plant are used for treatment of a variety of human abnormalities. The seed is able to lower blood glucose rapidly and so is effective in treating diabetes and hyperinsulinemia. Seed extracts are rich in phenols and show high antioxidant activity. It inhibits gastric ulceration, protects from gamma radiation, reduces the damage to brain tissue of diabetics and also inhibits alphaglucosidase activity. The leaf extract has anti fungal properties and is anti hyperglycemic and lowers blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes.
It reduces radiationinduced DNA damage in cultured TGX-221 human lymphocytes, can dissolve human gallbladder stones in vitro, protects from carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity and inhibits goatpox virus replication. Its anti allergic and antiedematogenic effect is brought about by inhibiting histamine, serotonin, CCL11, IL 5 and mast cell degranulation. Essential oils from the leaf have been reported to have antibacterial activity and the bark has anti inflammatory, gastroprotective and anti diarrhoeal activities. The fruit skin has been reported to have antioxidant activity and the fruit pulp an anti hyperglycemic effect. This study shows that extract of Syzygium cumini fruit skin along with the outermost layer of the berry inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in both HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cell lines in a dose and time dependent manner.
Whereas the crude extract exhibited, respectively, 33.7 % and 24.4% growth inhibition in HeLa and SiHa cells at its highest concentration in MTT assay, the methanolic extract showed an apoptotic index of 20.5% and 16.1%, respectively, for these cell lines as determined by Hoechst 33342 staining. It has also been found that the crude extract is more effective in growth inhibition and apoptosis than the methanolic extract at its most effective concentration. Annexin V binding and TUNEL assays also confirm the apoptotic effect of the extract. In conclusion, the study confirms a dose and time dependent growth inhibitory and apoptotic effect of Syzygium cumini extract on the cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa.
Syzygium cumini fruit contains gallic acid, which has anti adenoviral, anti HIV, anti peroxidant, anti carcinomic, apoptotic and chemopreventive activities and is a topoisomerase I inhibitor. Though the results of this study indicate the growth inhibitory and apoptotic effect of the extract, the chemical component responsible for these phenomena is/are yet to be precisely identified. Similarly, the anti viral effect in respect to HPV 18 and HPV 16 is yet to be confirmed by further experiments. Moreover, further research is needed to identify the mode of action, efficacy and safety issues. Viruses are a serious threat to the health of people in all parts of the world. For most bacterial diseases, several effective drugs are available, however, viral diseases are often difficult to treat primarily because viruses spread and mutate very rapidly.